Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, leading to damage in the protective covering of nerve fibers, known as myelin. This results in communication breakdowns between the brain and the rest of the body, causing symptoms like fatigue, numbness, difficulty walking, muscle weakness, and vision problems. The course of MS can vary greatly from person to person, with some experiencing mild symptoms and others facing severe disability. MS treatment is focused on reducing flare-ups, slowing the progression of the disease, and managing symptoms. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), corticosteroids, and symptomatic treatments such as muscle relaxants and pain relievers play essential roles in managing MS.
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